The relationship between Crohn's disease (CD) and acute pancreatitis (AP) is complex. This article reviews the current understanding of this association, exploring whether AP is a manifestation of CD itself or a complication of CD therapies. We examine the potential etiological factors, including the role of CD medications and the involvement of the gastrointestinal tract in CD.

The aim of the study was to study the clinical and pathogenetic features of the course of necrotizing dermatitis in patients with diabetes mellitus and to develop approaches to its treatment. The study included 54 patients diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus who had various forms of necrotic skin lesions, including ulcerative necrotizing dermatitis, necrotizing fasciitis, and pyoderma. A comprehensive assessment of clinical data, glycemic profile, microbiological and immunological parameters, as well as treatment tactics was carried out. A direct relationship has been established between the degree of decompensation of carbohydrate metabolism and the severity of dermatological complications. Patients with severe hyperglycemia and signs of secondary immunodeficiency had severe necrotic forms with a high risk of septic complications. The combined use of surgical debridement, systemic antibiotic therapy and immunomodulators contributed to a significant improvement in clinical outcomes. The data obtained emphasize the need for early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of this category of patients.

Diabetic nephropathy and diabetic foot syndrome are one of the most severe and clinically significant complications of diabetes mellitus, determining the quality of life and life expectancy of patients. Their pathogenesis is formed against the background of chronic hyperglycemia, activation of pro-inflammatory and fibrotic cascades, microcirculation disorders and endothelial dysfunction, which forms common links in the lesion of the renal and peripheral vascular systems. The mutual aggravation of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic foot syndrome is due to the cross-involvement of immune mechanisms, disruption of reparative processes and worsening of the prognosis in the presence of terminal chronic kidney disease. Early detection of early stages of nephropathy, including subclinical albuminuria, as well as assessment of neuroischemic forms of foot lesions, are crucial to prevent complications and optimize management tactics. In recent years, integrative approaches to therapy, including the use of metabolically active and nephroprotective drugs, local immunomodulatory agents, as well as the participation of multidisciplinary teams in comprehensive prevention and treatment, have become of particular importance. The presented review summarizes current information on the pathogenesis, clinical relationship and effective directions of therapy for these complications of diabetes mellitus.

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating condition characterized by disproportionate pain, autonomic dysfunction, and trophic changes that typically develops after limb trauma. Emerging research highlights neurogenic inflammation, central sensitization, and autoimmune mechanisms as key contributors [1]. Despite advances in understanding, CRPS remains frequently misdiagnosed due to its complex presentation and overlap with other pain disorders [2]. Early multidisciplinary intervention has been shown to improve functional outcomes, yet significant treatment gaps persist [3]. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence on CRPS pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and evidence-based management strategies, with particular emphasis on recent advances in immunomodulatory therapies and neuromodulation techniques.

Diabetic nephropathy and diabetic foot syndrome are one of the most severe and clinically significant complications of diabetes mellitus, determining the quality of life and life expectancy of patients. Their pathogenesis is formed against the background of chronic hyperglycemia, activation of pro-inflammatory and fibrotic cascades, microcirculation disorders and endothelial dysfunction, which forms common links in the lesion of the renal and peripheral vascular systems. The mutual aggravation of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic foot syndrome is due to the cross-involvement of immune mechanisms, disruption of reparative processes and worsening of the prognosis in the presence of terminal chronic kidney disease. Early detection of early stages of nephropathy, including subclinical albuminuria, as well as assessment of neuroischemic forms of foot lesions, are crucial to prevent complications and optimize management tactics. In recent years, integrative approaches to therapy, including the use of metabolically active and nephroprotective drugs, local immunomodulatory agents, as well as the participation of multidisciplinary teams in comprehensive prevention and treatment, have become of particular importance. The presented review summarizes current information on the pathogenesis, clinical relationship and effective directions of therapy for these complications of diabetes mellitus.

Background: Pulmonary abscesses remain a life-threatening complication, particularly in patients with diabetes mellitus, where impaired immunity, altered microcirculation, and de-layed healing complicate management. Advances in diagnostics, antimicrobial therapy, and surgical techniques have improved outcomes, yet diabetic patients continue to face elevated risks.

Objective: To review and analyze current global trends, controversies, and innovations in the surgical treatment of pulmonary abscesses among diabetic populations.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Schol-ar databases, focusing on articles published between 2000 and 2024. Search terms included «pulmonary abscess», «diabetes mellitus», «surgical drainage», «VAC therapy», and «lung re-section». Studies were selected based on relevance to diabetic populations and emphasis on sur-gical decision-making.

Results: Diabetic patients with pulmonary abscesses exhibit more severe infections, greater cavity formation, and higher rates of sepsis and mortality. Surgical options range from minimally invasive drainage to lobectomy, with timing and modality influenced by glycemic control, cavity anatomy, and comorbidities. Novel strategies such as vacuum-assisted therapy and bronchoscopic drainage have shown promise but require further validation. A lack of stand-ardized protocols for diabetic patients contributes to variability in outcomes.

Conclusion: The management of pulmonary abscesses in diabetic patients requires a tai-lored, multidisciplinary approach. While surgical outcomes have improved with modern tech-niques, patient-specific risk factors must guide intervention. Future directions include integra-tion of VAC therapy, personalized surgical algorithms, and improved perioperative glycemic management.

Background: Vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) therapy has become a valuable tool in managing complex infections. However, its adaptation for intrathoracic use remains technically challenging due to risks of air leaks, cavity instability, and lack of standardized equipment for pulmonary applications.

Objective: To describe a novel VAC drainage system and pressure protocol specifically designed for pulmonary abscess management and evaluate its clinical feasibility in diabetic pa-tients.

Methods: An internally developed drainage system was constructed using a low-adhesion polyurethane sponge, modified thoracic catheter, and a programmable negative pres-sure regulator. The system delivers controlled suction at –80 mmHg, modulated through a pulsed cycle (5 minutes on, 2 minutes off). Clinical testing was performed in 12 patients with diabetic pulmonary abscess following surgical drainage. Parameters evaluated included tech-nical safety, drainage efficiency, cavity collapse rate, and postoperative complications.

Results: All patients tolerated the device well with no cases of bronchopleural fistula or sponge dislocation. Average drainage duration was 5.8 ± 1.0 days, and cavity volume reduction >75% was achieved in 83.3% of cases by day 7. No infections related to the device were ob-served. The pulsed suction mode allowed stable pressure delivery without over-collapse or hemothorax.

Conclusion: This customized VAC device and pressure protocol demonstrated clinical safety, technical stability, and high efficacy in managing pulmonary abscess in diabetic patients. It may serve as a prototype for broader use in thoracic VAC therapy and facilitate standardiza-tion in deep cavity infections.