Evaluating the Physical Wellbeing of Secondary School Students Within A School Health Program Framework: Evidence from Kaduna State, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmm-05-04-06Keywords:
School Health Program, physical wellbeing, adolescent health, health promotion, NigeriaAbstract
School Health Programs are designed to promote holistic wellbeing among school-age populations. Physical health remains a central pillar of such programmes, particularly in contexts where preventive services are inconsistently implemented. This study evaluates the physical wellbeing of secondary school students in Samaru, Kaduna State, Nigeria, within the framework of a School Health Program guided by Pender’s Health Promotion Model. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 160 students drawn from four secondary schools. Physical wellbeing was assessed using self-reported behavioural indicators including moderate exercise, daily activity, strength training, flexibility exercises, warm-up and cool-down practices, and balance improvement activities. Screening indicators for eye and dental problems were also examined. Aggregate mean comparison revealed a score of 3.40 relative to a benchmark mean of 3.5, indicating insufficient physical health practice. While high levels of daily activity and balance exercises were reported, moderate sustained exercise was less consistent. Prevalence of eye defects was 11.3% and dental problems 7.5%. The findings suggest partial engagement with health-promoting behaviours but highlight important gaps in structured physical activity. Strengthening School Health Programs through preventive education and structured exercise promotion is recommended.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Sadi Joel, Ekenedilichukwu Anselem Odiegwu, Yetunde Esther Olotu, Aminat Abidemi Ekunsumi, Joan Ifeoluwa Akande, Jennifer Adaeze Chukwu, Nera Perpetual Kadiri-Eneh, Eddy Eidenehi Esezobor, Kenneth Oshiokhayamhe Iyevhobu, Gordon Mabengban Yakpir, Celestine Emeka Ekwuluo, Kennedy Oberhiri Obohwemu, Imaobong Imayuse Ekanem (Author)
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